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== 关键技术与方法 == === 传统方法 === 在深度学习兴起之前,计算机视觉主要依赖人工特征提取(如 SIFT、HOG)结合支持向量机等分类器,以及图像处理中的滤波、边缘检测、形态学操作等技术。 === 卷积神经网络 === 卷积神经网络(CNN)通过局部连接与权值共享高效提取图像的层次化特征,是现代计算机视觉的基石。经典网络包括 AlexNet、VGG、ResNet 等。 === 视觉 Transformer === 近年来,源自 [[自然语言处理]] 的 Transformer 架构被引入视觉领域,提出了 Vision Transformer(ViT)等模型,在大规模数据上展现出强大性能。 === 生成模型 === 生成对抗网络(GAN)与扩散模型(Diffusion Model)能够生成逼真的图像,推动了图像生成、编辑与超分辨率等应用的发展。
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